Shotgun Barrel Wall Thickness Gauge

1. 12 Gauge Metal Thickness
2. Ultrasonic Wall Thickness Gauge
3. Magnetic Wall Thickness Gauge

Find Barrel Thickness & Concentricity Before You Try To Thread. Know exactly whether a customer’s barrel has adequate wall thickness before accepting and machining it for screw-in chokes. Unique design allows the gunsmith to mount the instrument (not the barrel) in a bench-top vise for ease of use and fast, accurate measurements. The gauge of a firearm is a unit of measurement used to express the diameter of the barrel.Gauge is determined from the weight of a solid sphere of lead that will fit the bore of the firearm, and is expressed as the multiplicative inverse of the sphere's weight as a fraction of a pound, e.g., a one-twelfth pound ball fits a 12-gauge bore.Thus there are twelve 12-gauge balls per pound, etc. What does matter a whole lot is weight and balance. Generally (but not always), longer barrels are heavier and move weight forward. A couple of gun companies actually decrease the wall thickness, and thus weight, of the barrels when they make longer versions so as to keep the weights the same and the balances approximately the same.

From left to right; a, a shotshell, a shotshell, and a 12 gauge shotshellTypePlace of originVariousThe gauge of a is a of measurement used to express the of the. Gauge is determined from the weight of a solid of that will fit the bore of the firearm, and is expressed as the of the sphere's weight as a fraction of a, e.g., a one-twelfth pound ball fits a 12-gauge bore. Thus there are twelve 12-gauge balls per pound, etc.

12 Gauge Metal Thickness

The term is related to the measurement of, which were also measured by the weight of their; an would fire an 8 lb (3.6 kg) ball.Gauge is commonly used today in reference to, though historically it was also used in large, which were made in sizes up to during their heyday in the 1880s, being originally loaded with black powder cartridges. These very large rifles, sometimes called, were intended for use in and for hunting dangerous game.Gauge is abbreviated 'ga.' , 'ga', or 'G'. The space between the number and the abbreviation is often left out, as in '12ga'. Calculating gaugeAn n-gauge diameter means that a ball of lead ( 11.352 g/cm 3 or 6.562 oz/in 3) with that diameter has a mass equal to 1/n part of the mass of the international pound (453.59237 grams). Therefore, an n-gauge shotgun or n-bore rifle has a bore diameter (in inches) of approximatelyExplanation: 453.59 (the number of grams in 1lb) is divided by n to find the mass of each hypothetical pure-lead ball.

It is then multiplied by 3 and divided by 4 and pi (which is a rearranged volume-of-a-sphere equation) to find the volume when the density is 1g/ml. The density of lead, however, is 11.34g/ml, so the equation is divided by such to correct the density. So far, the described equation would find r 3 in cm. To get the diameter in inches, three more steps must be taken following the order of operations. First, we take the cube root of everything to find the radius. Lastly, it is multiplied by 2 to find the diameter, then divided by 2.54 to convert centimeters to inches.In addition, this complete equation can be simplified quite easily.

The first step is to decimalize the outlying fraction and distribute the 3rd root radical to all the inner terms. In addition, instead of dividing by 11.34, it is possible to multiply by its reciprocal, remembering to include the radical, to get this equation.After this, all of the terms can be separated, keeping in mind that 4 and pi are reciprocals. In addition, all reciprocals can be denoted x −1 instead of 1/ x. Similarly, all cube roots can be denoted x 1/3, which means that any cube roots of reciprocals will be x −1/3Since everything on the right side of the equation is a number except for n −1/3, the final step is to find the power of all of the numbers (get rid of the exponents), then multiply all terms together. The final equation looks like this:Furthermore, the third equation can be rearranged to solve for n instead of d n. Every term is taken to the power of three, and every number is divided by itself on both sides of the equation to get:(For clarity's sake, n −1 has been expressed as 1/ n.)From here on, d n 3 can be moved to the bottom of the fraction and be expressed as d n −3. Afterwards, the reciprocal of the entire equation can be taken, the powers of the numbers can be found, and the resulting numbers can be multiplied together to get:An alternate equation (result is in cm):Another source for a gauge size formula can be found in.It should be noted that the results of the calculations given above need not be carried out to further than one decimal place, as shotgun and rifle gauges are stated in integers.

Furthermore, the density of the lead that was once used as the standard varied, since bullets and slugs are not made of chemically pure lead, but are instead made of lead alloyed with a variety of materials. Gauges in useSince shotguns were not originally intended to fire solid projectiles, but rather a compressible mass of shot, the actual diameter of the bore can vary. The fact that most shotgun bores are not cylindrical also causes deviations from the ideal bore diameter.The chamber of the gun is larger, to accommodate the thickness of the shotshell walls, and a 'forcing cone' in front of the chamber reduces the diameter down to the bore diameter. The forcing cone can be as short as a fraction of an inch, or as long as a few inches on some guns. At the muzzle end of the barrel, the can constrict the bore even further, so measuring the bore diameter of a shotgun is not a simple process, as it must be done away from either end.Shotgun bores are commonly 'overbored' or 'backbored', meaning that most of the bore (from the forcing cone to the choke) is slightly larger than the value given by the formula. This is claimed to reduce felt recoil and improve patterning.

The recoil reduction is due to the larger bore producing a slower acceleration of the shot, and the patterning improvements are due to the larger muzzle diameter for the same choke constriction, which results in less shot deformation. A 12-gauge shotgun, nominally 18.5 mm (0.73 in), can range from a tight 18.3 mm (0.72 in) to an extreme overbore of 20.3 mm (0.80 in).

Ultrasonic Wall Thickness Gauge

Some also claim an increased velocity with the overbored barrels, up to 15 m/s (49 ft/s), which is due to the larger swept volume of the overbored barrel. Once only found in expensive custom shotguns, overbored barrels are now becoming common in mass marketed guns. Aftermarket backboring is also commonly done to reduce the weight of the barrel, and move the backwards for a better balance. Factory overbored barrels generally are made with a larger outside diameter, and will not have this reduction in weight—though the factory barrels will be tougher, since they have a normal barrel wall thickness.Firing from overbored barrels can result in very inconsistent accuracy, as the slug may be incapable of to fill the oversized bore. Sizes in use. A 10-gauge (3½') shotgun shell shown next to a.The most common size is 12 gauge, with up to 50% of the overall shotgun market in the United States.

The 20 gauge shotgun is favored by shooters uncomfortable with the weight and recoil of a 12 gauge gun, and is popular for. The next most popular sizes are 28 gauge and.410 bore. The considerably more powerful 10 gauge as well as the 16 gauges, while a little less common, are still readily available in the United States.Shotguns and shells exceeding 10 gauge, such as the 8 and 4 gauge, are rather rarely manufactured and only a few manufacturers of the otherwise large market of shotgun, rifle and ammo makers across the United States still produce them. Shells are usually black powder paper cartridges as opposed to the plastic/wax cartridge and smokeless powder of today.The 11, 15, 18, 2, and 3 gauge shells are rarest of all; owners of these types of rare shotguns will usually have their ammunition custom loaded by a highly paid specialist in rare and custom bores. The 14 gauge has not been loaded in the United States since the early 1900s, although the 2-9/16 inch hull is made in France. The very small 24 and 32 gauges are still produced and used in some European countries and Brazil. And special purpose guns, such as the Russian 23 mm (approximately 6 gauge), are rarely encountered.Also seen in limited numbers are firearms in calibers smaller than.410, such as, and 9 mm, designed for short range pest control.To further complicate matters, special shot cartridges are available for typical chamberings such as, /, /, and, as well as.

These rounds are either crimped in or in a plastic casing, replacing the bullet. These are not generally considered 'shot shells' by shotgun users, and the patterning performance is questionable, since they are fired through rifled barrels. Thompson/Center makes special barrels in.38/.357,.44 and.45 Colt that have 'straight rifled' chokes in them to reduce the spin of the shot column and produce better patterns, but they are still suitable only for pest control at very short ranges. Gauge and shot typeThe 10 gauge narrowly escaped obsolescence when and other became required for hunting, since the larger shell could hold the much larger sizes of low-density steel shot needed to reach the ranges necessary for. The move to steel shot reduced the use of 16 and 20 gauges for waterfowl hunting, and smaller 2.75' (70mm) 12 gauge shells as well. However, the advent of the 3.5 in (89 mm) 12 gauge shell, with its higher pressure rating compared to standard 12 gauge guns, begin to approach the performance of the 10 gauge loads. Newer nontoxic shots, such as and - alloys, and even tungsten- blends, regain much or all of the performance loss, but are much more expensive than steel or lead shot.

However, laboratory research indicates that tungsten alloys can actually be quite toxic internally. Portrait of with his single-shot Boer rifle and African hunting regalia, 1876.A table showing the various gauge sizes with weights. The bores marked. are found in and rare weapons only. The and are exceptions; they are actual bore sizes, not gauges. If the.410 and 23mm were measured traditionally, they would be 67.62 gauge and 6.278 gauge, respectively.

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Magnetic Wall Thickness Gauge

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